On 3rd February 2012 I went to London to see All
Time Low perform at the HMV Hammersmith Apollo as part of their UK tour. They
were supported by We Are The In Crowd and also The Maine. While I was there I noticed lots of different things such as
clothes that the audience we wearing, the sort of merchandise that was being
sold, the demographic of the audience and various other points that I wouldn't have
necessarily picked up on before studying media for A-Level.
All Time Low, The Maine, We Are The In Crowd and their Tour Crews.
Firstly, the main thing that I picked up was the style of
clothing nearly everyone was wearing. Mostly, people were wearing skinny jeans with
a t-shirt and trainers. The t-shirts were in essence the same as they had logos
of other bands or clothing lines on them and were also brightly coloured. Most
of the band t-shirts were All Time Low ones, either from the present tour or
past tours, or they were t-shirts with bands on from the same genre, such as
Blink 182, You Me At Six and Paramore. The most noticeable clothing brand of
t-shirts was Glamour Kills, it is an American company which is connected with
All Time Low and a lot of the clothes that the band actually wears are Glamour
Kills. Jack Barakat, a member of All Time Low, even has his own line within
Glamour Kills called JaGk which he designs himself. It is very popular with the
fans and I spotted a lot of people wearing JaGk. The skinny jeans were either brightly coloured
in colours such as green or red or were very dark denim or black. The contrast
between dark jeans and a colourful top is something that is very typical of the
genre and is the main basis for the ‘look’ of the genre. Another clothing line
that I spotted quite a lot was Down But Not Out, this is a clothing line designed
by a member of a similar band to All Time Low called You Me At Six. Their lead
singer Josh Franceschi set up DBNO in 2009 and is very popular within the style
of the pop/punk/rock genre style. Finally, the shoes people were mainly wearing
were Converse or Vans or similar equivalents. Most people choose to wear
trainers to gigs as you need to wear comfy shoes as you stand for a long while
but this type of shoe is generally worn outside of a gig situation too. This is
the point I noticed was most obvious, especially when standing in the queue to
get in as there were lots of people about.
Band T-Shirts
Example Outfit: Glamour Kills T-Shirt, Skinny Jeans, Converse, Silicone Bracelets.
Glamour Kills Clothing (Modeled by Alex Gaskarth)
JaGk Clothing - Part of Glamour Kills (modeled by Jack Barakat)
Down But Not Out Clothing
Vans and Converse
The merchandise that the bands were selling was very typical
of the genre. There was the t-shirt with the tour dates on the back, t-shirts
like this are very common at gigs, I have bought ones similar at gigs such as
Paramore and another All Time Low show, also there was a variety of other
t-shirts with different band logos on but the tour date t-shirt was by far the
most popular. Another item that has become popular recently is wide silicon
wristbands. Bands such as Kids in Glass Houses have previously sold silicone
wristbands as part of their tour merchandise. Also, part of the subscription
pack that you get when you sign up to the All Time Low fan club, The Hustler
Club, is a silicone wristband which is exclusive to members of the fan club.
Lots of people at the gig were wearing different bracelets like this or old
festival wristbands, along with beaded bracelets.
2012 UK Tour Wristband
The Hustler Club Wristband
The demographic of the audience all depends on the genre of
the band. The pop punk genre mainly appeals to males and females aged 14-20 years
old of a white ethnicity and this was reflected by the types of people I saw
while at the gig. Although there were slightly more females than males as All
Time Low’s fan base has a larger following of girls than guys. Apart from what
clothes people were wearing, this was most apparent right from the moment of
turning up at the venue. It was also what I expected the audience to be like because
of the type person associated with the genre and also because audiences were
similar to this when I have been to other similar band’s gigs.
Fans at an All Time Low Gig
These are some photos that I took during the gig. As we were in the circle we were looking down towards the stage, we got a good overall view and got to really appreciate the lighting which was amazing.
I have chosen to analyse 'Loverboy' by You
Me At Six. I am going to be looking at the generic signifiers and how it’s
aimed at the band's target market. It's the bands newest music video and was
directed by Tim Mattia. The band belongs to the pop rock genre and this is
connoted very strongly within the video.
Throughout the video
there are many generic signifiers, most of them conform but a few challenge the
genre's boundaries. Tim Mattia has done this in such a way so that the video
will appeal to the target market and You Me At Six's fans. Firstly, the location
used for the narrative part of the story, the police interview room, is very
generic, it is quite dark and lacks colour. The walls of the locations are
plain, mostly dull white and greys. Even the colours of the clothes the lead
singer is wearing, dark denim and blues, reflects the coldness and isolation of
the location which is very common in the pop rock genre's locations. The other
location within the video, which is used for the performance scene, is where
the only bright colour is in the whole of the music video. The red lighting in
the second location contrasts greatly against the bleakness of the first. Also,
the red lighting is very strong against the white lighting in the interview
room but towards the end of the video they start to combine so you can see both
red and white lighting. This way in
which the colour red is used within the video, to create a contrast is common
in the rock genre. For example, in 'The Pretender' by Foo Fighters they use the
contrast between the colours red and black and then the colours combine at the
end of the video as the red wall explodes. It is also similar to one of their
previous music videos, Underdog, this helps the fans identify that the video is
by You Me At Six as they will recognise the similarities.
Foo Fighters - The Pretender
You Me At Six - Underdog
The clothes the band are
wearing also connect them to their genre as they are one of the strongest
signifiers within the video as it is the thing the fans and audience will
identify with most. Josh Franchessi, the lead singer is wearing a grey beanie
hat, a denim jacket, white polo shirt and dark skinny jeans. This is what males
within the target market of the band are likely to wear if they look up to the
lead singer. The rest of the band is also wearing skinny jeans, dark coloured
shirts and some are wearing dark jackets too. The way in which Josh is dressed
compared to the rest of the other band is so that he stands out; he is the lead
singer and is shown more throughout the video. Another genre signifier which
conforms is the camera angles which are used within the video. The narrative
shots are mostly close ups of Josh, this creates a connection between the
audience and the band as fans feel closer to the band. When they show the performance scene the camera is
mostly further away so that the performance is captured as one but some close
ups of instruments being played, band member's face, etc are shown which again
connects the band and the audience.
Josh's Clothing
The overall narrative structure of the video is based on a
split between the band performing and Josh, the lead singer, acting. Although,
in some of the acting scenes Josh is singing the words to the camera like they
are part of the scene but it is like he is performing rather than acting. There
is no really story to the video itself but it is clear that Josh and the other
band members are being questioned in police interrogation rooms. This does
however link to some lyrics in the song, such as “Leave the scene smelling of
dead roses”, “Don’t you feel bad, don’t you feel bad”, and “This is a night you’ll
regret in the morning”. All of these lyrics refer to how someone is feeling
after they have done something, possibly messing up a relationship and this
could be part of the reason why Josh and the band are being interrogated by
police. The way the lyrics are reflected in the narrative structure and story
of the video is appealing to fans because the lyrics are important and are one
of the appeals of the band so the fans are able to relate to the lyrics and
therefore the narrative of the video.
Police Interview Room
There is a sense of looking created by some of the shots of
the interview room being shot through the one way glass. This makes it feel as
though you are looking in on the lead singer being interrogated but he can’t
actually see you. Almost like you are the judge of the situation and what
happens to Josh, whether he gets let free or sentenced, is up to you. This
makes the viewer feel more powerful and connected with the video, like they are
a part of it. Also, most of these shots are quite close up to the artists’ face
which is common within the genre as it brings the focus of the video to the
artist. As well as the interview room the performance scene also creates a
sense of looking as it’s like you are watching the band perform. The way the
performance shots are quite bold and some are low angles is similar to how many
photos are taken at gigs by professional photographers. Therefore this will
help fans recognise the performance scene because the angles are similar to
that of photos they may have seen of the band performing.
Looking Through the Viewing Window
Performance Scene
The band themselves don’t represent any ideologies, like
Paramore and their Christian beliefs which are slightly reflected in their
music and lyrics, but some of the lyrics within Loverboy in particular create a
sense of anti-establishment. I think this is because of the way they band are
shown to be rebelling against the authority and this has been set up because of
the lyrics which are about doing something wrong and regretting it. The regret
in the lyrics kind of brings the video full circle creating something that
appeals to the fans in an anti establishment kind of way but not agreeing with
it by using regret and guilt. The use of the police board with the word 'sinner' written on it does have a slight religious connotation but its right at the end and is a reference to their album 'Sinners Never Sleep'.
Police Board
Sinners Never Sleep Album Cover
The target audience for You Me At Six is 14-19 year olds of
both genders but mainly females. I think this because when I look on their
Facebook page 17 of my friends like them and out of the 17 people only 3 are
male. Also, I believe their target audience is mainly of a white ethnicity and
have a low income because they are in education. They would be very similar to
the fans of All Time Low and Paramore as they are bands from the same genre.
I have chosen to look at All Time Low’s music video for ‘I
Feel like Dancin’. It is a very upbeat song and, like their other songs, the lyrics
and fun and comical. On the 5th April 2011 it was released in the US as a
digital download through Interscope Records. When the video was first played,
it was released online exclusively on Vevo. The director of the video shoot was
Matt Stawski, he had directed All Time Low’s previous video Weightless but also one of Paramore’s music videos.
Paramore - Hallelujah
All Time Low - Weightless
The story of the video is that the band are filming their
music video and the different performance scenes are the ideas that they have
come up with in the scene before. It kind of makes fun and relates to Goodwin’s
theory as some of the ideas they come up with are part of his theory. For
example, one of the ideas is to reference/copy other music videos and in
Goodwin’s theory it says music videos should make use of intertextual
references.
Throughout the video the choice of images is very generic in
relation to the genre. All Time Low are a pop-punk band so the main part of the
video is made up of performance shots and scenes. This is intertwined with
acting shots where they are supposed to be sitting down with their manager and
discussing what ideas they are going to use in their video. The first scene is
related to product placement. It features the band performing with the product
Rockstar Energy Drink placed on and around the whole performance. The costumes
and the way the band are dressed are to reflect the product not who they are.
The next method their ‘manager’ says will work is selling sex. This then
involves a costume change for the band and actors, which again doesn’t
represent who they are as a band. The actors are dressed very provocatively and
are wearing skimpy outfits, when they start dancing around in the performance
scene the band start to look uncomfortable as they aren’t happy with the idea
that their ‘manager’ has come up with. The final method they use is stealing
other artists’ ideas which is taking intertextual references to a whole new
level. The first music video they copy is Lady GaGa as it is instantly
recognisable when they are dressed in white latex suits dancing around in a
white room. Also, Lady GaGa is of a
completely different genre so the song has nothing to do with the band. Another
artist’s video they copy/reference is Katy Perry and her video for ‘California
Girls’, the band is dressed in exactly the same costumes as what Katy Perry was
dressed in when she original made the video.
Product Placement
"Selling Sex"
Using Others Ideas / Intertextual References
These ideas are all cultural signifiers, for example, the
product they placed is American based and both the artists’ videos they copied
are American. This is mainly because All Time Low has a large American fan base
so they will understand the video but the signifiers can be understood by fans
in other countries too, such as the UK as the signifiers are related to the US.
As the ideas in the video are supposed to challenge generic signifiers in a
roundabout way by the time you have watched the video it almost doesn’t.
Compared to other All Time Low music videos it is very different in its
production but the main idea of the video is to have fun and make it comical.
This is to do with the overall style of the band and how they are represented
as a band through the media. Also, this video is similar to that of
‘Weightless’, another of All Time Low’s music video, this is because both
videos have been directed by Matt Stawski. His style is very comical and the
way his music videos are created and directed. This is what Alex Gaskarth had
to say about the director of their video, “Matt did it again– He understands
this band and always gets the message that we want to convey in our videos. I
think we all went above and beyond with this one. It’s a hilarious, but also–
sadly– true statement about the way the industry works right now. That, and we
look effin’ brilliant in latex”.
The narrative structure of the video is linear, it follows a
story and doesn’t use flashbacks, but the storyline is quite jumpy as bits and
pieces have been missed out, in a way they use flash forwards to move the
storyline on quickly. The director has used a linear structure so that the
video flows along and doesn’t jump backwards and forwards, this also links into
what the video is made up of, performance and narrative. After their 'manager'
has come up with an idea it then shows the band performing that idea and so on
through the ideas.
As I looked at earlier, there are many intertextual
references throughout the whole video. For example, copying the videos of Katy
Perry and Lady GaGa, at the end of their video, this is done in a comical way
rather than a serious way. Also, the way the band is set up and represented
during the performance scene is similar to many music videos from the same
genre, with the guitar and bass players at the front in a line and the drummer
behind. This is a generic set up for a band and it is also the same positions they
stand in on stage when they are touring so that fans will be able to relate to
the video.
Performance Scene
There are many different representations through the video.
Firstly, the world they are represented in is just their normal world; being
told what to do by management and then trying to do what they want instead. The
way it is shot is almost like a backstage video of a music video shoot that the
band would use to connect with fans. This kind of makes it more interesting for
the fans to watch instead of seeing just a normal performance scene mixed with
a storyline. The way the band is also being represented strengthens the
promotion. There are many close ups of the band and their instruments so that
the band are the main feature in the band, all the actors in the background
only get medium shots so that they don’t overpower the band. This helps with
the selling of the track as the fans feel closer to the band. The video does
relate back to another of their music video, 'Weightless', the colours used and
the comical value are very similar. This is mainly because both of the videos
have been directed by Matt Stawski and have been given the same treatment. The
way the band is represented is still basically the same in each video too.
During the middle section of the video, there are some very obvious references
to the notion of looking and voyeurism. The second idea their 'manager'
suggests is selling sex. When it then cuts to the performance scenes the camera
are much slower and focus on different parts of the actors bodies and the actors
have changed into very provocative clothing. Also, the way in which the
location has been set up to look like a music shoot means there are lots of
people watching the band performance and also what the footage they are
shooting looks like on monitors. The way the male and female actors are
represented during the second idea is quite diminishing of them as its crude
and to the point. I think this has been done to prove a point that even though
the band have it in their video it isn’t what they are about; they are
different from other music videos that have actors dancing provocatively and
almost selling themselves.
Copying Lady GaGa's Video
Because of the way they are trying to communicate a
message about who they are as a band, a lot of scenes are not traditional for
the genre even though the video is based around a performance scene. For
example, the band believe they are individual and all about the music so the
video shouldn’t need to be imitations of other videos, have sexy dancers or use
product placement. These representations are affected by social situations.
Also, the pressure from record labels on artists to be something they are not
is a current problem within the music industry and this is kind of All Time Low’s
way of saying that they aren’t going to conform, which is part of what they
stand for as a band. They believe music should be about the artist not what a
record label wants them to be. Alex has stressed this in many interviews that
they are never going to become something they aren’t comfortable being or doing
things they don’t agree with. Another aspect of this is that when one music
video includes something like a particular scene you often see it then repeated
in many ways in other music videos released after the original. The way in
which it has been done is this video is to show this up. Because when music
videos are released you often see the same sort of things in videos released in
the following weeks.
Band and Manager Meeting
All Time Low have quite a large fan base spread across the
world. In the UK they are still relatively unknown but they have recently been
played a lot on BBC Radio 1 by a DJ called Tom Deacon, he introduces new music
through a show aimed at a specific audience of people aged 13-20 years old in
the UK. This is mainly the audience that the band appeals to in the UK, more specifically
females, of a white ethnicity. Most of the appeal is from the music, notably the
lyrics but also the band themselves because of how they look. The lyrics that
Alex Gaskarth writes for the songs are catch but also give something for the
fans to connect with the band. Many fans say that listening to All Time Low is
like an escape from real life or the music has “saved them”. This is something
Alex and all members of the band understand and why they give so much time and
attention to their fans. This is shown in the form of a fan club they have set
up, called The Hustler Club. It allows fans of the band somewhere to chat and
talk about music together; sometimes the band members join in. On the boards
there is a real sense of family and friendliness which makes fans feel part of
something, it also gives them a chance to buy special merchandise or win meet
and greets at concerts. I am part of The Hustler Club and can honestly say it’s
worth the $25 it costs to sign up. You make great friends, are able to have fun
and free conversations about All Time Low and I have even won a meet and greet,
which was one of the best moments of my life.
After looking at The Hype Theory, I have found other bands that are similar that I previously didn't know of. One of these bands is We Are In The Crowd. They, like Paramore, are an American pop-punk band with a female lead singer.
They formed in 2009 and are from Poughkeepsie, New York. The members of the band are Taylor Jardine (vocals), Jordan Eckes (guitar/vocals), Mike Ferri (bass), Rob Chianelli (drums), and Cameron Hurley (guitar).
In 2010 they release an EP called Guaranteed To Disagree and in 2011 they released a full album named Best Intentions which went into the US Billboard 200 and number 122. Also, during the summer of 2010 the band formed part of the Vans Warped Tour as many other band similar to them, Paramore, All Time Low, You Me At Six, have done before.
Their first single 'Both Sides of the Story' was release on 15th October 2010, here is the video for the single:
Even now in the 21st century, the music industry is still male dominated, whether this is on stage or behind the scenes, it has never been seen as a place of work for women.
This is clearly shown in the results of a survey conducted in 2009, 66% of workers behind the scenes in the UK are male, and only 30% of backstage workers in London are female. Another statistic is that 47% of women actually involved in the music industry earn less than £10,000 per year which compared to 35% of men probably explains why there are so few women behind the scenes. The statistics show that there isn’t just a lack of females backstage but also in executive and managerial roles too. Jon Webster, chief executive of the Music Managers Forum has been quoted saying that only around 15% of their members are women and that only 6% of women in the music business earn more than £29,000, where as 22% of men earn more than £29,000.
In the past there have been very few well-known female rock artists. The Runaways, Lee Aaron, Debbie Harry, Evanescence, Janis Joplin, Madonna, Avril Lavigne, Annie Lennox and Heart are all bands with females in them or leading them who have achieved success.
One of the first ever well known female rock artists was Janis Joplin, she was born in Texas in 1943, and her music career started in 1962. Probably her most famous song is “Me and Bobby McGee”. Her albums, including “Cheap Thrill” and “Pearl” were multi-platinum. She helped bring females in the music industry in front of the public eye and in 2004 Janis was ranked 46th in Rolling Stone Magazine’s 100 Greatest Artists of All Time.
A band who became very popular in the 70s and 80s was Heart; they combined the genres of rock and folk to create a unique sound. Over the decades the band has split and reformed a few times but sisters Anne and Nancy Wilson have always been part of the band. They have released 12 studio albums, some have gone platinum, and sold more than 30 million albums across the globe.
Debbie Harry is well known in the music industry now but when Blondie first formed they didn’t have many fans, possibly because of being a female fronted band. Critics at the time said they would never be famous or find much success but when they released the album “Parallel Lines” in 1978 they took off and became very famous. Today, when you look back at the 70s and 80s Blondie is one of the bands that stand out the most and their music has stood the test of time.
Joan Jett has probably done the most for females in the rock music industry, since she was 15 she has been an active part of the business. Her first band The Runaways weren’t very popular but has since become known for breaking into the male dominated rock music scene. In 2010 a film was released about the band and it showed just how hard it was for females in the music industry during the 70s and 80s. After leaving The Runaways Joan has had 9 top 40 hits, 9 platinum and gold albums and set up her own record label: Blackheart Records. Some of her most famous songs include “I Hate Myself for Loving You” and “Crimson and Clover”, they both show her edgy, rock style. Rolling Stone Magazine has listed her one of the 100 Greatest Guitar Players of All Time, on this list there is only one other female guitarist.
Another famous female from the 80s was Lee Aaron; she is Canadian and was born in 1962. When she released her album “Metal Queen” she was put under the spotlight. After this she has since released multi-platinum albums, nominated for various prestigious awards and became known as ‘The Metal Queen’. Her songs such as “Whatcha Do to My Body” and “Sex with Love” are today metal anthems that are still well known. Although today she still performs some of her rock hits, she is working on her Jazz music.
Evanescence are one of the best female fronted rock bands of today even though they have only released 2 albums, which have sold over 20 million copies across the globe. Amy Lee, the front woman, formed the band in 1994. In 2003 they released their debut album “Fallen”. It spent 43 weeks in the top 10 in the US and sold more than 15 million copies. They were one of the first female fronted rock bands to use music videos as a way of promoting their music. The way Amy Lee is portrayed and the ideas used within the video have shown the potential effect that a female fronted rock band could have on the music industry.
Like Lee Aaron, Avril Lavigne was a big female rock star to come from Canada. When she was 17, her debut album “Let It Go” sold over 16 million copies. Her song “Sk8er Boi” from the album “Let It Go” catapulted her into the spotlight. She has in total sold over 30 million copies of her albums and has also appeared on TV, as well as in films such as “The Flock”. Although her music is a mixture of pop and rock they also have a punk/grunge twist. As one of the youngest females to be signed to a record label, she will stay in the spotlight for a while to come.
All of these female artists mentioned above have already broken through the male-based music business which is why they are better known. The Hype Theory are today, facing just as tough a battle as bands such as The Runaways, as the rock chart is still dominated by male bands, even though there are rock bands with females in them, such as Scarlet's Wake and Rhode Island Red, trying to achieve success. This is shown when you look at the number of female to males in the ‘iTunes Top 10 Rock Albums’ chart. Only one of the bands featured in the chart, Mazzy Star, actually feature a female. All the others are completely male bands. You Me at Six who are 2nd in the chart are a band that have been an influence for The Hype Theory and are a similar band with similar audiences.
Throughout the video of Monster the six main points of Goodwin's theory are shown and represented very clearly but there are also some other factors that relate to the band that are shown too.
Firstly, the video demonstrates its genre, rock/pop/punk, by showing performance scenes of the band in the video. All of the band members are performing in separate rooms, Hayley is singing and Taylor and Jeremy are playing their instruments, at the end of the video they all end up in the same room with their equipment which shows their bond within the band. This is very typical of Paramore style and representation of their genre; only one of their music videos has not got a performance element to it (Brick by Boring Brick), it also typical of similar bands such as All Time Low (from America), and You Me At Six (from United Kingdom). Both of these bands music videos are very dependent on performance scenes and almost every single one of their videos includes a performance.
Performance Shot
The next point of Goodwin's theory that is recognizable is the link between the visuals and the lyrics. The first verse of the song references water. "You were my conscience, So solid now you're like water, We started drowning, not like we'd sink any further, But I let my heart go, It's somewhere down at the bottom". While these lyrics are being sung there are images of the band laying in water and shots of their faces in reflections to make them look as though they are under water, thus the lyrics are amplified. Also, the shot of the band laying in the water has quite a religious theme, kind of like a baptism, this is because of the bands Chrisitian belfiefs and has been reflected very subtly into the video.
Laying in the Water
As Paramore are part of a record label, Fueled By Ramen, there are demands for a variety of shots and angles to be used in the video. From looking at some of Paramore the main visual style seems to be close ups of Hayley, the lead singer, as she is the main focus of many of the videos, with her band members providing a support role. But there are many close ups of all the band members during performance scenes. Another part of the band's visual style is their use of colour, in Monster much of the colour is provided from the clothes the band are wearing, such as such as their tops and trousers, and Hayley's hair. The use of Hayley's hair colour is very recognizable for fan fans of the band.
Hayley's Iconic Hair Colour
There is a noticeable link between music and visuals, such as when Hayley is laying in the water and singing, the water around her is moving with the music creating a dream-like ripple effect. Also, as the chorus starts there is a use of pyrotechnics which are in time with the music. This creates a sense of performance and theatre and really makes the chorus stand out. Another link between the music and visuals is when the band start hitting and banging on the walls of the rooms they are in with their hands and feet but also their instruments. It’s a slight reference to rock artists who smash up their equipment and reckless antics of the rock genre, such as Pete Townshend of The Who and Jimi Hendrix. This is, I would say, the strongest link between music and visuals throughout the video, as it is in time with the drum beats and feels very significant when watching the video.
Hitting the Walls
During the video, it’s difficult to spot any immediate inter-textual references like in some videos. Although, the location used for the majority of the video, the abandoned hospital, is similar to the opening location of the film 28 Days Later. In 28 days Later the main character is shown wandering bewildered through an abandoned hospital much like when Paramore are running through the corridors of the abandoned hospital in their video.
Hospital Scene in 'Monster'
Opening Scene of '28 Days Later'
Paramore’s
target audience are mainly 14-25 year old males and females. The majority of
fan are based in America but there are also a lot of fans in the UK too, these
following points are based around UK fans. Their income is fairly low as many
are still in education but they are most likely to shop at places such as Vans,
H&M and Schuh this is because although these shops are alternative they are
a mainstream alternative. Other bands they might listen to include All Time
Low, Blink 182, You Me At Six and Muse. This is because these bands all make
music in the same genre, also because some of them are bands that have
influenced the members of Paramore or bands that have been influenced by
Paramore. The target market would also be people that love to go to gigs and
see bands live. Fans are a very important point of how well a band does as its
those people who buys the music, gig tickets, merchandise etc.
Paramore Fans
Finally, throughout the video there are references to looking and watching. This is best shown when the video is panning around the hospital and you can see into different rooms, it’s like you are looking into their private space. There is also a use of TVs which reference the notion of looking and watching, especially when Taylor is sitting in a reception area watching TV and we are looking at him watching TV.
